The Rise of Digital Twins: Virtual Replicas of Everything From Factories to Human Hearts

Digital twins — virtual replicas of physical systems — are transforming industries. Manufacturing: simulate production lines before building them. Cities: model traffic flow and energy consumption. Healthcare: patient-specific heart models for surgery planning. Energy: optimize wind turbine performance. The technology requires IoT sensors for real-time data, AI for prediction, and 3D modeling for visualization. Market projected to reach $110B by 2028. GE, Siemens, and Dassault are leaders.