Why Vietnam Is the Next Manufacturing Hub After China

Vietnam is rapidly becoming the world's preferred alternative manufacturing location. Samsung produces 50% of its phones there. Apple moving iPad and AirPod production. Nike's largest footwear producer. FDI exceeding $30B annually. Advantages: low labor costs, free trade agreements (CPTPP, EVFTA), young workforce, and political stability. But challenges remain: infrastructure gaps, limited domestic suppliers (most components still imported from China), and energy shortages. Vietnam is following the East Asian development model: manufacturing-led growth, export orientation, gradual technology upgrade.